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The Public Scientific Association of Geneticists and Breeders of the Republic of Moldova in collaboration with the Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection and the Center for Functional Genetics, State University of Moldova held on June 15-16, 2021 the XI International Congress of Geneticists and Breeders of the Republic of Moldova, conducted in mixed format, offline and online.
The Xth International Congress of Geneticists and Breeders of the Republic of Moldova was devoted to the issues of efficient mobilization of achievements and genetic resources in the development of mechanisms to reduce mortality and strengthen human health, as well as breeding programs and plant, animal and microbial biotechnologies.
This year's scientific forum brought together 370 representatives of the national and international academic community, university professors, scientific researchers from 12 universities, 43 research institutions and private companies from 14 countries (Belarus, Bulgaria, China, Italy, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, United States of America, Turkey and Ukraine).
The plenary session presented 6 reports focused on research into genetic diseases in humans, for example, assessment of the expressiveness of immunoenzymatic parameters associated with ischemic stroke in children, for the purpose of early diagnosis and predictive factors of the disease. In the field of animal genetics and breeding, comparative investigations on the genetics of cattle in the world and in the Republic of Moldova were presented. Other topics discussed include genetic control of valuable traits in crop plants, current problems of plant, animal and microbial biotechnologies.
During the thematic sessions, 38 reports were presented, of which: 6 - General and molecular genetics, 14 - in the Human and Medical Genetics section, 6 - Plant genetics and breeding, 5 - Animal genetics and breeding, 7 - Plant biotechnologies, animals and microbial.
In the General and Molecular Genetics section, 22 papers were presented by 57 researchers from 6 countries, representing 5 higher education institutions (Moldova, Romania, China), 8 research institutions (Moldova, Serbia, Russia, Belarus) and a company. private (Moldova). The topic included molecular studies of the germplasm of agricultural crops, as well as host-pathogen relationships; the applicability of protein markers, secondary compounds in assessing the potential of genotypes and accelerating the amelioration process; genetic-statistical methods for analyzing genetic diversity and creating informational tools for interpreting molecular data. Progress has been made in introducing molecular analysis methods into applied and fundamental analysis, such as genetic fingerprinting, screening for valuable traits based on genetic markers.
In the field of Genetics and plant breeding, 56 papers were presented by 139 researchers from 8 countries, representing 6 higher education institutions (Moldova, Romania, China, Slovakia), 16 research institutions (Moldova, Romania, China, Italy, Serbia, Russia, Ukraine) and a private company (Moldova). Following the development of the fundamental classical concepts, the most current achievements in solving the various areas of activity were approached: experimental mutagenesis, androculture, quantitative character genetics, cytoplasmic sterility, gametic selection, etc. A major role continues to be played by traditional amelioration methods, which ensure the efficient transmission of genes, the combination and multiple improvement of characters of interest. Proof of the success of the applied genetic-ameliorative methods were exposed the varieties of cereals, vegetables, legumes, medicinal and aromatic plants obtained in the profile research institutes. In order to improve the adaptive capacity of crops, strengthen resistance and reduce vulnerability to climate change, the need to create varieties resistant to environmental factors with increased ecological plasticity is pointed out.
Within the Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology section, 30 papers by 77 researchers from 3 countries representing 4 higher education institutions (Moldova, Romania, China) and 4 research institutions (Moldova, China) were exhibited. These papers addressed topics related to the applicability of biotechnological methods in identifying valuable genotypes, expanding genetic diversity through in vitro cultures, micropropagation and multiplication of rare plants, conservation and enhancement of biodiversity; elucidation of physiological, biochemical and structural mechanisms in the ontogenesis of plants in optimal conditions and ecological stress. In the field of microbial biotechnology, research has been what
